what caused the sharpeville massacre

In addition other small groups of PAC activists presented themselves at police stations in Durban and East London. In the late 1980s, one of the most popular anti-apartheid movements that contributed to the end of the apartheid was the Free Mandela campaign. [10], PAC actively organized to increase turnout to the demonstration, distributing pamphlets and appearing in person to urge people not to go to work on the day of the protest. Following the Sharpeville massacre, as it came to be known, the death toll rose to 69 and the number of injuries to 180. Through a series of mass actions, the ANC planned to launch a nationwide anti-pass campaign on 31 March - the anniversary of the 1919 anti-pass campaign. The South African Police (SAP) opened fire on the crowd when the crowd started advancing toward the fence around the police station; tear-gas had proved ineffectual. These laws restricted blacks movements within the country. The PAC called on its supporters to leave their passes at home on the appointed date and gather at police stations around the country, making themselves available for arrest. It is likely that the police were quick to fire as two months before the massacre, nine constables had been assaulted and killed, some disembowelled, during a raid at Cato Manor. Amid confusion, two shots were fired into the air by somebody in the crowd. Just after 1pm, there was an altercation between the police officer in charge and the leaders of the demonstration. Pass Laws and Sharpeville Massacre | South African History Online But attempts to transform this non-binding moral declaration into a binding legal code were immediately bogged down in Cold War disputes. To read more about the protests in Cape Town. The ANC Vice-President, Oliver Tambo, was secretly driven across the border by Ronel Segal into the then British controlled territory of Bechunaland. Along with other PAC leaders he was charged with incitement, but while on bail he left the country and went into exile. People often associate their behavior and actions from the groups they belong to. Only the four Native Representatives and members of the new Progressive Party voted against the Bill. ISCOR and SASOL, the state's metal and fuel companies, were and continue to be the two key role players in the provision of employment in the Sharpeville region. [10] At about 13:00 the police tried to arrest a protester, and the crowd surged forward. Now aged 84, Selinah says she is still proud of her efforts to end apartheid. Improved homework resources designed to support a variety of curriculum subjects and standards. The Apartheid was initiated as a ploy for Europeans to better control the exploited populations for economic gain, as maintaining tension between the different racial classifications diverted attention from the Europeans as it fed hatred between groups. Weve been busy, working hard to bring you new features and an updated design. On the same day, the government responded by declaring a state of emergency and banning all public meetings.

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